Programming Languages and AI Tools

▤ Summary

This article explains how expert systems are built and why programming languages matter in artificial intelligence. It compares general-purpose languages, skeleton systems, and shell systems, showing how each trades flexibility for ease of use. The piece highlights LISP and PROLOG as the main AI-oriented languages for symbolic processing, while noting that conventional languages handle numeric work better. It also describes environments such as OPS5, KEE, and EMYCIN as tools that speed up expert-system development. Overall, the article argues that the right language or tool depends on the problem and the need for rapid prototyping.

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